---
description: The window object represents an open window in a browser.
---

# The Window Object

If a document contain frames (\<iframe> tags), the browser creates one window object for the HTML document, and one additional window object for each frame.

**Note:** There is no public standard that applies to the Window object, but all major browsers support it.

### Window Object Properties

| Property       | Description                                                                                                                             |
| -------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| closed         | Returns a Boolean value indicating whether a window has been closed or not                                                              |
| console        | Returns a reference to the Console object, which provides methods for logging information to the browser's console (See Console object) |
| defaultStatus  | Sets or returns the default text in the statusbar of a window                                                                           |
| document       | Returns the Document object for the window (See Document object)                                                                        |
| frameElement   | Returns the \<iframe> element in which the current window is inserted                                                                   |
| frames         | Returns all \<iframe> elements in the current window                                                                                    |
| history        | Returns the History object for the window (See History object)                                                                          |
| innerHeight    | Returns the height of the window's content area (viewport) including scrollbars                                                         |
| innerWidth     | Returns the width of a window's content area (viewport) including scrollbars                                                            |
| length         | Returns the number of \<iframe> elements in the current window                                                                          |
| localStorage   | Allows to save key/value pairs in a web browser. Stores the data with no expiration date                                                |
| location       | Returns the Location object for the window (See Location object)                                                                        |
| name           | Sets or returns the name of a window                                                                                                    |
| navigator      | Returns the Navigator object for the window (See Navigator object)                                                                      |
| opener         | Returns a reference to the window that created the window                                                                               |
| outerHeight    | Returns the height of the browser window, including toolbars/scrollbars                                                                 |
| outerWidth     | Returns the width of the browser window, including toolbars/scrollbars                                                                  |
| pageXOffset    | Returns the pixels the current document has been scrolled (horizontally) from the upper left corner of the window                       |
| pageYOffset    | Returns the pixels the current document has been scrolled (vertically) from the upper left corner of the window                         |
| parent         | Returns the parent window of the current window                                                                                         |
| screen         | Returns the Screen object for the window (See Screen object)                                                                            |
| screenLeft     | Returns the horizontal coordinate of the window relative to the screen                                                                  |
| screenTop      | Returns the vertical coordinate of the window relative to the screen                                                                    |
| screenX        | Returns the horizontal coordinate of the window relative to the screen                                                                  |
| screenY        | Returns the vertical coordinate of the window relative to the screen                                                                    |
| sessionStorage | Allows to save key/value pairs in a web browser. Stores the data for one session                                                        |
| scrollX        | An alias of pageXOffset                                                                                                                 |
| scrollY        | An alias of pageYOffset                                                                                                                 |
| self           | Returns the current window                                                                                                              |
| status         | Sets or returns the text in the statusbar of a window                                                                                   |
| top            | Returns the topmost browser window                                                                                                      |

### Window Object Methods

| Method                  | Description                                                                            |
| ----------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| alert()                 | Displays an alert box with a message and an OK button                                  |
| atob()                  | Decodes a base-64 encoded string                                                       |
| blur()                  | Removes focus from the current window                                                  |
| btoa()                  | Encodes a string in base-64                                                            |
| clearInterval()         | Clears a timer set with setInterval()                                                  |
| clearTimeout()          | Clears a timer set with setTimeout()                                                   |
| close()                 | Closes the current window                                                              |
| confirm()               | Displays a dialog box with a message and an OK and a Cancel button                     |
| focus()                 | Sets focus to the current window                                                       |
| getComputedStyle()      | Gets the current computed CSS styles applied to an element                             |
| getSelection()          | Returns a Selection object representing the range of text selected by the user         |
| matchMedia()            | Returns a MediaQueryList object representing the specified CSS media query string      |
| moveBy()                | Moves a window relative to its current position                                        |
| moveTo()                | Moves a window to the specified position                                               |
| open()                  | Opens a new browser window                                                             |
| print()                 | Prints the content of the current window                                               |
| prompt()                | Displays a dialog box that prompts the visitor for input                               |
| requestAnimationFrame() | Requests the browser to call a function to update an animation before the next repaint |
| resizeBy()              | Resizes the window by the specified pixels                                             |
| resizeTo()              | Resizes the window to the specified width and height                                   |
| scroll()                | Deprecated. This method has been replaced by the scrollTo() method.                    |
| scrollBy()              | Scrolls the document by the specified number of pixels                                 |
| scrollTo()              | Scrolls the document to the specified coordinates                                      |
| setInterval()           | Calls a function or evaluates an expression at specified intervals (in milliseconds)   |
| setTimeout()            | Calls a function or evaluates an expression after a specified number of milliseconds   |
| stop()                  | Stops the window from loading                                                          |
